Conventional drainage systems, the most widely used method for rainwater discharge in buildings, operate entirely on gravity principles. In these systems, the flow of water is achieved through the simultaneous movement of air and water within the pipes, supported by a specific slope given to the piping.

Operating Principles of Conventional Systems

Unlike siphonic systems, conventional systems are designed to fill only a portion of the pipe cross-section with water. The primary goal is to allow air to move freely within the pipe to facilitate water flow.

• Filling Rates: Depending on pipe diameter, a fill rate typically between 33% and 70% is targeted in the design.
• Slope Requirement: A slope of 1% to 3% is usually mandatory for horizontal lines to maintain the flow of water.
• Outlet Capacity: Roof outlets ensure water enters the vertical downpipes in a controlled manner but do not create a vacuum effect.

Maintenance and Operational Advantages

Conventional systems offer some fundamental advantages during the operational phase due to their simple structure:

• Easy Cleaning: Since pipe diameters are larger than siphonic systems, addressing potential clogs is more straightforward.
• Low Pressure: Standard pipe types and fittings can be used since high vacuum or pressure values do not occur in the system.
• Periodic Inspections: Cleaning outlets and leaf guards at least twice a year is sufficient to maintain system performance.

Application Areas

This system, generally preferred for buildings with smaller roof areas, villas, or projects with short horizontal distances, protects the building's structural integrity from the harmful effects of water with correct engineering calculations.

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